Association of Bone mineral density with serum vitamin D level in adult females of Bangladesh

Background: Serum vitamin D level is considered to have impact on bone mineral density. Though low vitamin D level is prevalent worldwide as well as in our country among all age groups but the association of vitamin D level with bone mineral density is unclear.
Objective: To assess the association of serum vitamin D level with bone mineral density in adult female of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College from January to December 2019. Seventy adult females aged 18–44 years were enrolled based on predefined criteria. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum vitamin D and related biochemical parameters were analyzed from venous blood samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.
Results: In this study, mean (±SD) serum vitamin D of the study subjects was 22.13±2.6 ng/ml. The vitamin D sufficiency was found in 2.9% of the total study population and vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was found in 75.7% and 21.4% of the total population respectively. The mean (±SD) BMD T score (lumbar spine) of the study subjects with vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency was -0.80±0.28, -0.09±0.81 and 0.28±0.91 respectively. The mean (±SD) BMD T score (femoral neck) of the study subjects with vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency was -0.25±0.07, -0.01±0.78 and -0.23±0.85 respectively.
Conclusions: According to the analysis of the results, the majority of the study subjects exhibited insufficient or deficient serum vitamin D levels without showing any association with bone mineral density.